Roof



D. CRAIG.

ROOF.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I3, I9I9.

1 ,427,943, PatentdSept. 5, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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-Patented Sept.. 5, 1922.

DAVID CRAIG, 0F PEABODY, MASSACHUSETTS, yASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CHARLES H. LOVSEY, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

ROOF.

Application led February 13, 1919.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, DAviDCRAIG, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Peabody, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Roofs, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a roof and more particularly to a roof for houses7 garages, and other buildings which is adapted to be made in sections and set up Aby unskilled workmen.

The objects of the invention are to provide a roof which can be readily and economically built in sections at a factory and can be easily and satisfactorily applied to a building by unskilled workmen, and to provide a roof which is rigid and substantial in construction, which is attractive in appearance, which is permanently waterproof, which can be formed in various shapes, which fits closely to the walls upon which it is applied so that itis unnecessary to provide means for closing the spaces between the roof and the walls such as is ordinarily employed where the roof -is spaced from the walls adistance substantially equal to the depth of the rafters, and to provide a roof which isv generally superior, either when constructed in the socalled portable form or when constructed at the place of installation.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a top plan of a portion of the roof, parts being broken away;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the central portion of the roof;

Fig. 3 is a section on line 3 3 of F ig.` 1;

Fig. 4 is a section on line 4 4 of Fig. l;

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view vof a portion ofthe roof on a reduced scale;

Fig. 6 is a section on line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. is a perspective view of the upper I central portion of the roof;

Fig. 8 is a top plan view of a central portion of the roof;

Fig. 9 is a section on line 9-9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a top plan view of a portion of Serial No. 276,790.

the roof before the roof sections and battens have been applied.: 1

F ig.l l1 is a section on line 11- -11 of Fig. 10 after the roof sections and'battens have been applied;

Fig. l2 is a detail showing the connection between a rafter and a wall; and

Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a pyramid roof of the type to which the present invention is particularly applicable.

The particular embodiment of the inven tion shown for the purpose of illustration comprises in general a centerpiece' CP, a plurality of hypothenuse or corner rafters H, a plurality of central rafters R sloping downwardly from the center-piece between the hypothenuse rafters, a plurality of minor rafters bf sloping outwardly from the hypothenuse rafters in parallelism with the center rafters7 a king-post K extending downwardly from the center-piece7 .and a plurality of roof sections S covering the spaces between the rafters. l

The center-piece CP is made hollow and it is preferably madel cylindrical as illustrated. Openings are' provided above and beneath the level of the roof either in the ends or sides or in both the ends and the sides of the centerpiece. In the drawings I have shown the center-piece as being open .throughout its entire upper end and as "having a plurality of openings l in its lower end and a plurality of openings 2 in its peripheral wall beneath the roof. As shown in Fig. 1 the center-piece is preferably provided with webs 8 on the inside between the openings l and 2 to strengthen same. The center-piece is preferably provided ,with a hollow axial portion' 4L into the lower end ofr which is threaded the tubular king-post K.- A rod 5 extends through the tubular kingpost K andthe axial portionv Lof the center-piece and on the upper end of this rod is mounted a disk 6j having a flared peripheral portion 7 to which is secured an annular band 8, the disk 6 preferably being of somewhat greater diameter than the cen ter-piece and the band 8 preferably extending to or below the level of the upper end of the center-piece to serve as a cover for the upper end thereof. l An ornamental weight 9 may be mounted on the upper end of the rod 5 above the disk 6.

The hypothenuse rafter, shown in crosssection in Fig. 3, comprises a metallic plate 13 to each side of which is secured by means of bolts 14 a wooden strip 15. rlhe metallic plate 13 extends above the strips 15 so that the upper portion of the rafter is relatively narrow and the lower portion is relatively wide, and so that shoulders T are provided between the upper and lower portions to support the roof sections. The central rafters B, one of which is shown in cross-'section in Fig. 4, are formed in similar manner in that they comprise a central metallic plate 16 and wooden strips 17 secured to the sides of the center plate. As p shown in crosssection in Fig. 11 the minor rafters M likewise preferably comprise a central metallic plate 13 and side strips 129 of wood. The hypothenuse rafters and central rafters yare secured to the center-piece by means vof T- shaped lugs 20, the lateral 'portions of which fit around the 'center-piece and the longitudinal portions of which extend outwardly along the metallic plates of the rafters as illustrated in Fig. 1. The rafters may be secured to the longitudinal portions of these :lugs in any suitable manner, but the metallicportions of the vrafters are preferably bolted to the lugs. The minor rafters are connected to the lhypothenuse rafters by means of V-shaped plates 21 which lare bolted to the respective rafters as illustrated in Fig. 10. The arrangement of these rafters is clearly shown in Fig. 13. At their outer ends the rafters are mounted on the wall 4of the building by means of lugs 22 such as shown in Fig. 12, each of these lugs having an upsta'nding 'portion to which the rafters are connected and having a base portion adapted to be secured 'to the wall in any suitable manner. The rafters terminate lat these lugs vand thek lugs are so arranged that lthe roof supported on the rafters substantially touches the outer edge yof 1:the wall so that substantially no 4space fis left between the wall and the roof. The outer ends of the rafters Vare connected to the lower end lof the king-post K by means of ytie-beams 23, the tie-beams being con nected to the ends of the raftersr through the medium of the lugs 22. The tie-beams are connected to the lower end ofthe kingpost through "the medium of turn-'buckles 24, and clevises 25 which fit over and are pivoted to a collar 26 on the lower end of the king-post. The collar'26 is threaded on the king-post K so that it may be vertically adjusted along the king-post before the tiebeams are connected thereto. The collar 26 is provided with lvertical flanges 27 yto which braces 2S may .be connected, the braces Abeing` connected at their opposite ends to the hypothenuse and central rafters intermediate the ends of the rafters. Truss rods 29 may also be provided as illustrated in Fig. 5.

rlhe roof sections S are preferably made up of a plurality of tongue-and-grooved boards 3() held together by transverse cleats 31 nailed or otherwise secured to the under sides ofthe boards 30 at suitable intervals. Along the edges of the sections S between the cleats 31 pieces 32 are preferably provided. The roof sections S are made in such sizes and shapes as to fit between the metallic plates of the rafters and to rest on the wooden strips secured to the sides of the metallic plates as above described. After the roof sections have been put in place, `bat-tens 33 are placed over the 'central rafters so as to overlap the roof sections, and bolts 34 are extended through the battens and roof sections to secure the parts together. Metallic clips or .plates 35 are provided beneath the roof as illustrated in Fig. 4 to assist in binding the parts to gether, these clips or plates extending beneath the wooden strips secured to the sides of the metallic plates of the rafters. The pieces 32 are made equal in depth to the wooden strips 17 so that the clips or plates 35 bear against the under sides of both the pieces `32 and the strips l17. The metallic plates 16 of the central rafters eX- tend up to 'the level of the top of the roof sections. As shown in Fig. 3 the central metallic plate 13 of the hypothenuse rafters lentends somewhat above the level ofthe upper surface of the roof sections, viz., ya distance equal to the thickness vof the batten's 36 of the minor rafters and on lboth sides, of the upstanding portions of the plates y 13 are mounted filling strips 37. Over the filling strips 37 is mounted a batten 38 which is Vshaped in cross-section and which extends outwardly beyond the Vfilling strips 37 'so as 4to overlapjthe ends of the battens 36 of 'the minor rafters. Lag

ythe portions of the roof sections and battens immediately surrounding the centerpiece. The spaces 'adjacent' the centerpiece between the inner ends of the 'bat-- 'tens 33 (Fig. 9) 'of the centraljrafters and the filling strips 37 Figs, 3 and 11 of the hypothenuse rafters are filled with blocks 40. The flashing F is folded. inwardly over theJ upper edge of the center-piece at vits upper end and at its lower end the hashing is fitted over hypothenuse battens lscrews 39 are screwed through ythe battens i 38 and is folded downwardly over the 'filling blocks 40.

By virtue of the features of construction herein disclosed all ofthe aforesaid objects are attained as well as other advantages which will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

I claim:

l. A roof comprising a center-piece, hypotenuse rafters extending outwardly from said center, eaeh at an angle to the other, a central rafter extending outwardly from said center-piece within said angle, minor rafters extending outwardly from said hypotenuse vrafters in parallelism with said central rafter? said hypotenuse rafters comprising vertical strips of metal with wooden strips secured to the sides thereof, and means for securing said minor rafters to said wooden strips.

2. A roof comprising a center-piece, hypotenuse rafters extending outwardly from said center each at an angle to the other, a central rafter extendingoutwardly from saidl center-piece within said angle, minor rafters extending outwardly from said hypotenuse rafters in parallelism with said central rafter and V-shaped plates for securing the minor and hypotenuse rafters together.

8. A roof comprising a plurality of rafters, certain of said rafters comprising vertical metallic plates having strips of softer material secured to the sides thereof, roof sections resting on said strips, the said plates having portions extending above said strips and said sections fitting between such eX- tended portions of the plates.

4. A roof comprising a main rafter and minor rafters extending from said main rafter, the lower portion of said main rafter being increased in thickness to form a shoulder therealong, means for securing the minor rafters to said lower portion and roof sections resting on said minor rafters and on said shoulders.

5. A roof comprising a main rafter and minor rafters extending from said main rafter, the lower portions of said rafters being relatively t-hiclr and the upper portions being` relatively thin thereby forming shoulders between the upper and lower portions;

roof sections fitting between said thin portions and resting on said shoulders, battens surinounting said minor rafters and overlapping said sections and a batten surmounting said main rafter and overlapping said sections and said first named battens.

Signed by ine at Boston, Massachusetts this 6th day of February 1919.

DAVID CRAIG. 

